AS215219 - sub-net Florian Berthold trading as Sub-Net e.UPARFC 4890 ✓RPKI ✓ 1/1ASPA ✓

AS overview

Test target: 2a10:bd40::53 · ns00.sub-net.at · address space: PA · prefixes announced: 1

prefix(es): 2a10:bd40::/29

VIX / AAIX / SAIX / TIROL-IX / ERA-IX peering

Random-IP probe (yarrp) into the AS' prefixes

We probed 35 arbitrary IPv6 address(es) inside AS215219's announced prefix(es). No router inside the prefix responded. The deepest visible hop was 2001:7f8:30:0:d601:c3ff:fe47:8033 at hop 18 - that router answers ICMPv6 Echo. This is not in AS215219's announced prefix; operationally it's the AS-edge / peering interface (often on an IXP peering address or an upstream's /127 link). The traceroute boundary is the AS edge: ICMPv6 Time-Exceeded responses from anything inside this AS are filtered.

ICMPv6 Type 2 (Packet Too Big) acceptance - active test

Type 2 honored. Forged ICMPv6 PTB (MTU=1280) was accepted by the destination's stack: the next 1500-byte Echo Reply arrived split into 2 fragments via the IPv6 Fragment Header.
method: ICMPv6 Echo + forged PTB, tested 2026-09-22T13:58:06Z

Multi-vantage path map

Every hop of all vantages’ traceroutes toward the target, drawn left→right, grouped into per-AS bubbles (a hop seen from several vantages is one shared bubble, so converging paths merge). It answers two questions per vantage — shown on each source bubble as echo ✓/⚠/✗ · trace ✓/✗: did the destination reply to ICMPv6 Echo (✓ honored, ⚠ replied but PTB not honored, ✗ no reply), and did the traceroute reach it. A line to the target is drawn only when that vantage got an echo reply — solid if the PTB was honored, dashed if not (reachable but a broken-PMTUD / RFC 4890 violation). The path depth still shows how far the traceroute itself got, and runs of unanswered (* *) hops collapse into one dashed “silent” bubble. Open full size ↗

• ● SRB host (SOX, Belgrade)
• ● DE host (Berlin)
• ● DE host (Düsseldorf)
• ● NL host (go6lab)
• ● ITA host (Karsolink)
• ● SLO host (6connect)
• ● SLO host (T-2)
• ── solid line = echo reply, PTB honored (clean reach)
• — — dashed line = echo reply but PTB not honored (RFC 4890 violation)
• no line = no echo reply (never reached)
• ◉ target: green = clean, amber = reachable-but-violation / unreachable
• ⚠ suspected drop AS
• ⋯ silent (unanswered) hops
• ● IXP hop

From SRB host (SOX, Belgrade)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.022ms pmtu 1500
 1:  _gateway                                              0.401ms 
 1:  _gateway                                              0.356ms 
 2:  sox-pn.sox.rs                                         0.431ms 
 3:  2001:7f8:1e:8::3d                                     0.576ms asymm  2 
 4:  ae8-930.RT.IRX.VIE.AT.retn.net                       12.769ms asymm  3 
 5:  2001:7f8:30:0:d601:c3ff:fe47:8033                    19.044ms asymm  3 
 6:  no reply
 7:  no reply
 8:  no reply
 9:  no reply
10:  no reply
11:  no reply
12:  no reply
13:  no reply
14:  no reply
     Too many hops: pmtu 1500
     Resume: pmtu 1500 

From DE host (Berlin)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.024ms pmtu 1500
 1:  xe-0-0-13-178.gw01.ber01.as59645.net                  0.451ms 
 1:  xe-0-0-13-178.gw01.ber01.as59645.net                  0.472ms 
 2:  ae0-2453.cr10.ber01.lwlcom.net                        1.126ms 
 3:  ae0-40.cr10.muc02.lwlcom.net                         11.855ms 
 4:  ae0-10.cr10.muc01.lwlcom.net                         11.854ms 
 5:  2001:7f8:30:0:d601:c3ff:fe47:8033                    23.528ms 
 6:  no reply
 7:  no reply
 8:  no reply
 9:  no reply
10:  no reply
11:  no reply
12:  no reply
13:  no reply
14:  no reply
     Too many hops: pmtu 1500
     Resume: pmtu 1500 

From DE host (Düsseldorf)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.016ms pmtu 1500
 1:  xe-0-0-12-142.gw01.dus01.as59645.net                  0.464ms 
 1:  xe-0-0-12-142.gw01.dus01.as59645.net                  0.387ms 
 2:  ae0-101.cr10.dus02.lwlcom.net                         0.704ms 
 3:  ae0-40.cr10.dus05.lwlcom.net                          0.666ms 
 4:  ae0-20.cr10.vel01.lwlcom.net                          1.085ms 
 5:  ae0-30.cr10.dus06.lwlcom.net                          1.525ms 
 6:  ae0-40.cr10.fra06.lwlcom.net                          4.170ms 
 7:  ae0-20.cr10.muc01.lwlcom.net                         15.044ms asymm  5 
 8:  2001:7f8:30:0:d601:c3ff:fe47:8033                    26.704ms asymm  6 
 9:  no reply
10:  no reply
11:  no reply
12:  no reply
13:  no reply
14:  no reply
     Too many hops: pmtu 1500
     Resume: pmtu 1500 

From NL host (go6lab)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 6 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.044ms pmtu 1500
 1:  2a00:8642:42::2                                       3.218ms 
 1:  2a00:8642:42::2                                       1.718ms 
 2:  gw.friends.steffann.nl                                3.718ms 
 3:  speed-ix.he.net                                       8.674ms 
 4:  be2.core4.fra1.he.net                                16.525ms 
 5:  be8.core1.prg1.he.net                                23.220ms 
 6:  be3.core1.vie1.he.net                                26.633ms 
 7:  2001:7f8:30:0:d601:c3ff:fe47:8033                    30.172ms 
 8:  no reply
 9:  no reply
10:  no reply
11:  no reply
12:  no reply
13:  no reply
14:  no reply
     Too many hops: pmtu 1500
     Resume: pmtu 1500 

From ITA host (Karsolink)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 3 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.028ms pmtu 1500
 1:  karsolink-01.net.karsolink.com                        0.898ms 
 2:  2a12:d8c0:109f:121::a1                                0.806ms 
 3:  2a12:d8c0:101f:6::1                                  10.323ms 
 4:  no reply
 5:  100ge0-0-0-20.core1.vie1.he.net                      21.946ms 
 6:  2001:7f8:30:0:d601:c3ff:fe47:8033                    22.846ms 
 7:  no reply
 8:  no reply
 9:  no reply
10:  no reply
11:  no reply
12:  no reply
13:  no reply
14:  no reply
     Too many hops: pmtu 1500
     Resume: pmtu 1500 

From SLO host (6connect)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 5 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.034ms pmtu 9000
 1:  fw1-lju.6connect.com                                  0.584ms 
 1:  fw1-lju.6connect.com                                  0.479ms 
 2:  no reply
 3:  2a03:a100:0:201:1::1                                  0.893ms 
 4:  2a03:a100:0:201:1::1                                  0.839ms pmtu 1500
 4:  e0-1.core1.lju1.he.net                                2.143ms 
 5:  100ge0-0-0-5.core1.vie1.he.net                       10.375ms 
 6:  2001:7f8:30:0:d601:c3ff:fe47:8033                    14.063ms asymm  4 
 7:  no reply
 8:  no reply
 9:  no reply
10:  no reply
11:  no reply
12:  no reply
13:  no reply
14:  no reply
     Too many hops: pmtu 1500

From SLO host (T-2)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 6 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.029ms pmtu 1500
 1:  no reply
 2:  2a01:260:1::225                                      16.781ms 
 3:  2a01-260-1-1--9a.core6.t-2.net                        2.576ms 
 4:  2a01-260-1-1--38.core6.t-2.net                        3.431ms asymm  3 
 5:  100ge0-0-0-31.core1.vie1.he.net                      13.068ms 
 6:  100ge0-0-0-31.core1.vie1.he.net                      12.168ms asymm  5 
 7:  2001:7f8:30:0:d601:c3ff:fe47:8033                    17.370ms asymm  5 
 8:  no reply
 9:  no reply
10:  no reply
11:  no reply
12:  no reply
13:  no reply
14:  no reply
     Too many hops: pmtu 1500
     Resume: pmtu 1500