AS overview
Test target: 2a06:7d40::1 · static prefix probe · address space: PA · prefixes announced: 2
prefix(es): 2a06:7d40::/29, 2a13:f00::/29
Targets & per-vantage-point probe results (1 target(s) across 7 vantage point(s))
Source codes (hover any badge for full description): CUR=curated · NS/SOA/MX=DNS records · SPF=SPF TXT · DRV=holder-derived (www, ns1, mail, gw, …) · ATL=RIPE Atlas · PDB=PeeringDB · WHOIS=RIPE whois · RDAP=RIPE RDAP · HIT=IPv6 Hitlist · RTR=in-prefix path hop (router) · PRB=static prefix probe · SYN=synthetic prefix::1 fallback
| Target IP / hostname | Source | SRB host (SOX, Belgrade) | DE host (Berlin) | DE host (Düsseldorf) | NL host (go6lab) | ITA host (Karsolink) | SLO host (6connect) | SLO host (T-2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ping | 1500B | :80 | :443 | reached | ping | 1500B | :80 | :443 | reached | ping | 1500B | :80 | :443 | reached | ping | 1500B | :80 | :443 | reached | ping | 1500B | :80 | :443 | reached | ping | 1500B | :80 | :443 | reached | ping | 1500B | :80 | :443 | reached | ||
2a06:7d40::1 | prb | ✓ | ✓ | refused | refused | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | refused | refused | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | refused | refused | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ? | ? | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | refused | refused | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | refused | refused | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | refused | refused | ✓ |
MIX-IT / NAMEX / MINAP / TOP-IX / VSIX / EQUINIX-MILAN / BGPX-ROME / NAMEX-BARI / PCIX / DECIX-PALERMO peering
MIX-IT / NAMEX / MINAP / TOP-IX / VSIX / EQUINIX-MILAN / BGPX-ROME / NAMEX-BARI / PCIX / DECIX-PALERMO member - Open peering, peering member, since 2014-06-16. IPv6 LAN: 2001:7f8:b:100:1d1:a5d3:4428:146. Locations: -.
RPKI & ASPA
2 of 2 prefix(es) covered by a valid ROA.
| Prefix | RPKI state | Reason | Covering VRP(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
2a06:7d40::/29 | ✓ valid | matched VRP (correct origin, length within maxLength) | AS34428 /29 maxLen 29 (ripe) |
2a13:f00::/29 | ✓ valid | matched VRP (correct origin, length within maxLength) | AS34428 /29 maxLen 29 (ripe) |
ASPA: this AS has published an ASPA record listing 8 upstream provider(s) that are authorized to propagate routes from it: AS174, AS1299, AS2914, AS3257, AS3356, AS6461, AS6762, AS6939. Routes from this AS that arrive via any other upstream are considered ASPA-invalid by validators that enforce ASPA.
Random-IP probe (yarrp) into the AS' prefixes
We probed 70 arbitrary IPv6 address(es) inside AS34428's announced prefix(es). No router inside the prefix responded. The deepest visible hop was 2001:7f8:b:100:1d1:a5d3:4428:120 at hop 12 - that router does not answer ICMPv6 Echo. This is not in AS34428's announced prefix; operationally it's the AS-edge / peering interface (often on an IXP peering address or an upstream's /127 link). The traceroute boundary is the AS edge: ICMPv6 Time-Exceeded responses from anything inside this AS are filtered.
ICMPv6 Type 2 (Packet Too Big) acceptance - active test
Type 2 honored. Forged ICMPv6 PTB (MTU=1280) was accepted by the destination's stack: the next 1500-byte Echo Reply arrived split into 2 fragments via the IPv6 Fragment Header.
method: ICMPv6 Echo + forged PTB, tested 2026-09-23T12:04:59Z
Multi-vantage path map
Every hop of all vantages’ traceroutes toward the target, drawn left→right, grouped into per-AS bubbles (a hop seen from several vantages is one shared bubble, so converging paths merge). It answers two questions per vantage — shown on each source bubble as echo ✓/⚠/✗ · trace ✓/✗: did the destination reply to ICMPv6 Echo (✓ honored, ⚠ replied but PTB not honored, ✗ no reply), and did the traceroute reach it. A line to the target is drawn only when that vantage got an echo reply — solid if the PTB was honored, dashed if not (reachable but a broken-PMTUD / RFC 4890 violation). The path depth still shows how far the traceroute itself got, and runs of unanswered (* *) hops collapse into one dashed “silent” bubble. Open full size ↗
- ● SRB host (SOX, Belgrade)
- ● DE host (Berlin)
- ● DE host (Düsseldorf)
- ● NL host (go6lab)
- ● ITA host (Karsolink)
- ● SLO host (6connect)
- ● SLO host (T-2)
- ── solid line = echo reply, PTB honored (clean reach)
- — — dashed line = echo reply but PTB not honored (RFC 4890 violation)
- no line = no echo reply (never reached)
- ◉ target: green = clean, amber = reachable-but-violation / unreachable
- ⚠ suspected drop AS
- ⋯ silent (unanswered) hops
- ● IXP hop
From SRB host (SOX, Belgrade) openRFC 4890 ✓
filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500
Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)
| # | IP / PTR | RTT | mtr loss | AS | AS holder |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2a09:ab81::1 | 0.2ms | 0%* | AS60733 | PERKE-NET - ZORAN PEROVIC trading as Agencija Perke.NET, RS |
| 2 | sox-pn.sox.rs 2001:7f8:1e:8::3a | 0.3ms | 0% | AS13004 | SOX - Serbian Open Exchange DOO, RS |
| 3 | 2001:7f8:1e:8::3d | 0.3ms | 0% | AS13004 | SOX - Serbian Open Exchange DOO, RS |
| 4 | 2a02:2d8:0:a00e:232a | 42.5ms | 30% | - | |
| 5 | * | - | 60% | - | |
| 6 | 2a06:7d40::1 | 45.3ms | 0% | AS34428 | EIGHTROUTE - Giulio Lo Presti, IT |
Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 4, hop 5 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).
tracepath -6
1?: [LOCALHOST] 0.010ms pmtu 1500
1: _gateway 0.504ms
1: _gateway 0.612ms
2: sox-pn.sox.rs 0.632ms
3: 2001:7f8:1e:8::3d 0.556ms asymm 2
4: ae8-930.RT.IRX.VIE.AT.retn.net 13.149ms asymm 3
5: RT.TH2.LON.UK.retn.net 33.795ms asymm 6
6: 2a06:7d40::1 46.392ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 6 back 5 From DE host (Berlin) openRFC 4890 ✓
filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500
Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)
| # | IP / PTR | RTT | mtr loss | AS | AS holder |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | xe-0-0-13-178.gw01.ber01.as59645.net 2a06:d1c1:100:b::1 | 0.2ms | 0%* | AS59645 | WYBT-NET - Tobias Fiebig, DE |
| 2 | ae0-2453.cr10.ber01.lwlcom.net 2a06:d1c0::dead:beef:1c02 | 0.7ms | 0%* | AS59645 | WYBT-NET - Tobias Fiebig, DE |
| 3 | ae0-150.cr10.fra01.lwlcom.net 2a00:c380:b200:230::174 | 9.9ms | 0% | AS50629 | LWLCOM - LWLcom GmbH, DE |
| 4 | ae3-100.cr10.fra04.lwlcom.net 2a00:c380:b200:230::23 | 10.7ms | 0% | AS50629 | LWLCOM - LWLcom GmbH, DE |
| 5 | as6461.frankfurt.megaport.com 2001:7f8:8:20:0:193d:0:1 | 7.9ms | 0% | - | NA |
| 6 | as6461.frankfurt.megaport.com 2001:7f8:8:20:0:193d:0:1 | 7.8ms | 0% | - | NA |
| 7 | ae21.cr2.fra9.de.zip.zayo.com 2001:438:ffff::407d:13aa | 17.6ms | 0% | AS6461 | ZAYO-6461 - Zayo Bandwidth, US |
| 8 | 2001:438:ffff::407d:1e4b | 29.1ms | 0% | AS6461 | ZAYO-6461 - Zayo Bandwidth, US |
| 9 | 2a06:7d40::1 | 21.8ms | 0% | AS34428 | EIGHTROUTE - Giulio Lo Presti, IT |
tracepath -6
1?: [LOCALHOST] 0.030ms pmtu 1500
1: xe-0-0-13-178.gw01.ber01.as59645.net 0.923ms
1: xe-0-0-13-178.gw01.ber01.as59645.net 0.701ms
2: ae0-2453.cr10.ber01.lwlcom.net 1.123ms
3: ae0-150.cr10.fra01.lwlcom.net 10.732ms asymm 7
4: ae3-100.cr10.fra04.lwlcom.net 10.679ms asymm 5
5: as6461.frankfurt.megaport.com 10.143ms asymm 6
6: ae21.cr2.fra9.de.zip.zayo.com 17.244ms asymm 9
7: ae21.cr2.fra9.de.zip.zayo.com 17.321ms asymm 9
8: 2001:438:ffff::407d:1e4b 17.621ms
9: 2a06:7d40::1 22.565ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 9 back 11 From DE host (Düsseldorf) openRFC 4890 ✓
filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500
Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)
| # | IP / PTR | RTT | mtr loss | AS | AS holder |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | * | - | 0%* | - | |
| 2 | eth1-0-12-h5594.edge5-dus1.bb.wiit.network 2001:4ba0:92f4:3::1 | 23.4ms | 0% | AS24961 | MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE |
| 3 | lag13.agr3-dus3.bb.wiit.network 2001:4ba0:ffe9:7d::1 | 347.2ms | 0% | AS24961 | MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE |
| 4 | lag30.core3-dus1.bb.wiit.network 2001:4ba0:ffe9:109::2 | 0.1ms | 0% | AS24961 | MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE |
| 5 | lag0-vl1011.core1-fra-ix.bb.wiit.network 2001:4ba0:ffe9:8a::2 | 4.2ms | 0% | AS24961 | MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE |
| 6 | lag0-vl1001.core1-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network 2001:4ba0:ffe9:103e::1 | 7.0ms | 0% | AS24961 | MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE |
| 7 | lag0-vl6.core2-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network 2001:4ba0:ffe9:103b::1 | 7.0ms | 0% | AS24961 | MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE |
| 8 | 2001:4ba0:ffe9:b8 | 9.6ms | 0% | - | |
| 9 | lag0-vl1009.core1-muc-eq3.bb.wiit.network 2001:4ba0:ffe9:a7::1 | 9.7ms | 0% | AS24961 | MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE |
| 10 | lag0-vl1001.core1-pda-vsix.bb.wiit.network 2001:4ba0:ffe9:da::2 | 20.3ms | 0% | AS24961 | MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE |
| 11 | lag0-vl1001.core1-mil-mix.bb.wiit.network 2001:4ba0:ffe9:db::2 | 20.0ms | 0% | AS24961 | MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE |
| 12 | 2a06:7d40::1 | 20.4ms | 0% | AS34428 | EIGHTROUTE - Giulio Lo Presti, IT |
tracepath -6
1?: [LOCALHOST] 0.017ms pmtu 1500
1: xe-0-0-12-142.gw01.dus01.as59645.net 0.449ms
1: xe-0-0-12-142.gw01.dus01.as59645.net 0.227ms
2: eth1-0-12-h5594.edge5-dus1.bb.wiit.network 12.471ms
3: no reply
4: lag30.core3-dus1.bb.wiit.network 0.645ms
5: lag0-vl1011.core1-fra-ix.bb.wiit.network 4.509ms
6: lag0-vl1001.core1-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network 6.837ms
7: lag0-vl6.core2-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network 6.804ms
8: lag0-vl1006.core2-muc2.bb.wiit.network 9.756ms
9: lag0-vl1009.core1-muc-eq3.bb.wiit.network 9.637ms
10: lag0-vl1001.core1-pda-vsix.bb.wiit.network 20.233ms
11: lag0-vl1001.core1-mil-mix.bb.wiit.network 20.070ms asymm 9
12: 2a06:7d40::1 20.479ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 12 back 10 From NL host (go6lab) openRFC 4890 ✓
filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500
Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)
| # | IP / PTR | RTT | mtr loss | AS | AS holder |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2a00:8642:42::2 | 2.1ms | 0% | AS203993 | GNA-DC1-AS - S.J.M. Steffann, NL |
| 2 | * | - | 0%* | - | |
| 3 | speed-ix.he.net 2001:7f8:b7::a500:6939:1 | 7.5ms | 0% | - | NA |
| 4 | * | - | - | - | |
| 5 | be6.core2.ams2.he.net 2001:470:0:61c::2 | 243.7ms | 0% | AS6939 | HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US |
| 6 | 2a06:7d40::1 | 30.2ms | 0% | AS34428 | EIGHTROUTE - Giulio Lo Presti, IT |
tracepath -6
1?: [LOCALHOST] 0.031ms pmtu 1500
1: 2a00:8642:42::2 6.749ms
1: 2a00:8642:42::2 3.173ms
2: gw.friends.steffann.nl 3.095ms
3: speed-ix.he.net 10.114ms
4: no reply
5: be6.core2.ams2.he.net 19.779ms
6: 2a06:7d40::1 28.316ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 6 back 7 From ITA host (Karsolink) openRFC 4890 ✓
filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500
Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)
| # | IP / PTR | RTT | mtr loss | AS | AS holder |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | * | - | - | - | |
| 2 | * | - | - | - | |
| 3 | * | - | - | - | |
| 4 | 2a06:7d40::1 | 8.9ms | 0% | AS34428 | EIGHTROUTE - Giulio Lo Presti, IT |
tracepath -6
1?: [LOCALHOST] 0.038ms pmtu 1500
1: karsolink-01.net.karsolink.com 0.942ms
1: karsolink-01.net.karsolink.com 1.421ms
2: 2a12:d8c0:109f:121::a1 0.961ms
3: 2a12:d8c0:101f:103::1 9.036ms
4: 2a06:7d40::1 11.322ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 4 back 4 From SLO host (6connect) openRFC 4890 ✓
filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500
Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)
| # | IP / PTR | RTT | mtr loss | AS | AS holder |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fw1-lju.6connect.com 2607:fae0:a000::2 | 0.3ms | 0%* | AS8038 | 6CONNECT - 6connect, Inc., US |
| 2 | * | - | - | - | |
| 3 | * | - | 10% | - | |
| 4 | * | - | 40% | - | |
| 5 | * | - | 10% | - | |
| 6 | be4.core2.fra2.he.net 2001:470:e:149::1 | 19.8ms | 0% | AS6939 | HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US |
| 7 | be7.core2.ams2.he.net 2001:470:e:18::1 | 24.0ms | 0% | AS6939 | HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US |
| 8 | 2a06:7d40::1 | 23.5ms | 0% | AS34428 | EIGHTROUTE - Giulio Lo Presti, IT |
Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 3, hop 4, hop 5 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).
tracepath -6
1?: [LOCALHOST] 0.021ms pmtu 9000
1: fw1-lju.6connect.com 0.572ms
1: fw1-lju.6connect.com 0.529ms
2: ccr-to-fw-ccr1-gw-lju.6connect.com 0.776ms
3: 2a03:a100:0:201:1::1 0.812ms
4: 2a03:a100:0:201:1::1 0.711ms pmtu 1500
4: e0-1.core1.lju1.he.net 2.159ms
5: 100ge0-0-0-5.core1.vie1.he.net 8.430ms
6: be4.core2.fra2.he.net 17.782ms
7: be2.core2.ams2.he.net 25.204ms
8: 2a06:7d40::1 308.508ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 8 back 6 From SLO host (T-2) openRFC 4890 ✓
filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500
Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)
| # | IP / PTR | RTT | mtr loss | AS | AS holder |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | * | - | - | - | |
| 2 | * | - | 0%* | - | |
| 3 | 2a01-260-1-1--9c.core6.t-2.net 2a01:260:1:1::9c | 14.2ms | 0%* | AS34779 | T-2-AS - T-2, d.o.o., SI |
| 4 | 2a01-260-1-1--38.core6.t-2.net 2a01:260:1:1::38 | 14.2ms | 0%* | AS34779 | T-2-AS - T-2, d.o.o., SI |
| 5 | * | - | - | - | |
| 6 | * | - | 40% | - | |
| 7 | e0-36.core2.rom1.he.net 2001:470:0:4d4::2 | 37.7ms | - | AS6939 | HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US |
| 8 | e0-36.core2.rom1.he.net 2001:470:0:4d4::2 | 36.6ms | 0% | AS6939 | HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US |
| 9 | 2a06:7d40::1 | 51.4ms | - | AS34428 | EIGHTROUTE - Giulio Lo Presti, IT |
Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 6 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).
tracepath -6
1?: [LOCALHOST] 0.026ms pmtu 1500
1: no reply
2: 2a01:260:1::225 2.807ms
3: 2a01-260-1-1--9c.core6.t-2.net 2.548ms
4: no reply
5: no reply
6: port-channel1.core1.zag2.he.net 10.834ms asymm 7
7: e0-36.core2.rom1.he.net 25.171ms
8: e0-36.core2.rom1.he.net 25.267ms asymm 7
9: 2a06:7d40::1 45.503ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 9 back 10