AS41364 - TORINO E PIEMONTE EXCHANGE POINTPI/PARFC 4890 ✓RPKI ✓ 1/1ASPA -

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AS overview

Test target: 2a07:1ec0:829::a5 · dns.topix.it · address space: mixed · prefixes announced: 1

prefix(es): 2a07:1ec0::/29

Targets & per-vantage-point probe results (4 target(s) across 7 vantage point(s))

Source codes (hover any badge for full description): CUR=curated · NS/SOA/MX=DNS records · SPF=SPF TXT · DRV=holder-derived (www, ns1, mail, gw, …) · ATL=RIPE Atlas · PDB=PeeringDB · WHOIS=RIPE whois · RDAP=RIPE RDAP · HIT=IPv6 Hitlist · RTR=in-prefix path hop (router) · PRB=static prefix probe · SYN=synthetic prefix::1 fallback

Target IP / hostnameSourceSRB host (SOX, Belgrade)DE host (Berlin)DE host (Düsseldorf)NL host (go6lab)ITA host (Karsolink)SLO host (6connect)SLO host (T-2)
ping1500B:80:443reachedping1500B:80:443reachedping1500B:80:443reachedping1500B:80:443reachedping1500B:80:443reachedping1500B:80:443reachedping1500B:80:443reached
2a07:1ec0:829::a20
top-ix.org
whoisopenopenopenopenopenopenopenopenopenopenopenopenopenopen
2a07:1ec0:829::a5
dns.topix.it
NSrefusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefused??refusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefused
2a07:1ec0:829::a6
dns1.topix.it
NSrefusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefused??refusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefused
2a07:1ec0:829::a7
dns2.topix.it
NSrefusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefused??refusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefusedrefused

RPKI & ASPA

1 of 1 prefix(es) covered by a valid ROA.

PrefixRPKI stateReasonCovering VRP(s)
2a07:1ec0::/29✓ validmatched VRP (correct origin, length within maxLength)AS41364 /29 maxLen 29 (ripe)

Random-IP probe (yarrp) into the AS' prefixes

We probed 34 arbitrary IPv6 address(es) inside AS41364's announced prefix(es). No router inside the prefix responded. The deepest visible hop was 2001:4ba0:ffe9:da::2 at hop 11 - that router answers ICMPv6 Echo. This is not in AS41364's announced prefix; operationally it's the AS-edge / peering interface (often on an IXP peering address or an upstream's /127 link). The traceroute boundary is the AS edge: ICMPv6 Time-Exceeded responses from anything inside this AS are filtered.

ICMPv6 Type 2 (Packet Too Big) acceptance - active test

Type 2 honored. Forged ICMPv6 PTB (MTU=1280) was accepted by the destination's stack: the next 1500-byte Echo Reply arrived split into 2 fragments via the IPv6 Fragment Header.
method: ICMPv6 Echo + forged PTB, tested 2026-09-23T12:05:26Z

tracepath6 per-hop PMTU drilldown

For each target where Type 2 verdicts disagreed across vantages, tracepath -6 ran from every vantage to capture per-hop PMTU evolution along that vantage's actual forward path. A pmtu change entry on a hop means that hop's router generated a PTB and we observed the shrink; absence of any change combined with a not_honored verdict suggests a router somewhere downstream is silently dropping >MTU packets (an RFC 4890 violation) rather than sending a PTB.

Target 2a07:1ec0:829::a20

amsterdam - verdict ?

(no hops captured)

belgrade - verdict honored

verdict = honored; final pmtu = 1500

#hop IPpmtu change
1<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
22001:7f8:1e:8::3a
32001:470:1:6e5::1
42001:470:0:33f::2
52001:470:0:412::1
6<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
7<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
82a07:1ec0:829::a20
berlin - verdict honored

verdict = honored; final pmtu = 1500

#hop IPpmtu change
1<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
22a06:d1c0::dead:beef:401
32001:4ba0:92f4:3::1
4<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
52001:4ba0:ffe9:109::2
62001:4ba0:ffe9:8a::2
72001:4ba0:ffe9:103e::1
82001:4ba0:ffe9:103b::1
92001:4ba0:ffe9:b8::
102001:4ba0:ffe9:a7::1
112001:4ba0:ffe9:da::2
12<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
132a07:1ec0:829::a20
duseldorf - verdict honored

verdict = honored; final pmtu = 1500

#hop IPpmtu change
1<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
22001:4ba0:92f4:3::1
3<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
42001:4ba0:ffe9:109::2
52001:4ba0:ffe9:8a::2
62001:4ba0:ffe9:103e::1
72001:4ba0:ffe9:103b::1
82001:4ba0:ffe9:b8::
92001:4ba0:ffe9:a7::1
102001:4ba0:ffe9:da::2
11<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
122a07:1ec0:829::a20
go6lab - verdict not_honored

verdict = not_honored; final pmtu = 1500

#hop IPpmtu change
1<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
22a00:8642:1000:f000::1
32a00:1ca8:1::194
42a03:3f40::10:33
52001:7f8:1::a501:2779:1
62001:1418:1::10e2
7<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
82a07:1ec0:829::a20
karsolink - verdict honored

verdict = honored; final pmtu = 1500

#hop IPpmtu change
1<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
22a12:d8c0:109f:121::a1
32a12:d8c0:109f:106::a2
4<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
52a07:1ec0:829::a20
odin - verdict honored

verdict = honored; final pmtu = 1500

#hop IPpmtu change
1<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
22607:fae0:a000:2::2
32a03:a100:0:201:1::1
42a03:a100:0:201:1::1
5<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
62001:470:0:2ea::2
7<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
8<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
92a07:1ec0:829::a20
t2 - verdict honored

verdict = honored; final pmtu = 1500

#hop IPpmtu change
1<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
22a01:260:1::225
32a01:260:1:1::9a
42a01:260:1:1::39
52001:470:e:43::2
62001:470:e:5a::2
72001:470:e:5a::2
82001:470:e:153::2
92001:470:e:dd::1
10<span class='muted'>no reply</span>
112a07:1ec0:829::a20

Multi-vantage path map

Every hop of all vantages’ traceroutes toward the target, drawn left→right, grouped into per-AS bubbles (a hop seen from several vantages is one shared bubble, so converging paths merge). It answers two questions per vantage — shown on each source bubble as echo ✓/⚠/✗ · trace ✓/✗: did the destination reply to ICMPv6 Echo (✓ honored, ⚠ replied but PTB not honored, ✗ no reply), and did the traceroute reach it. A line to the target is drawn only when that vantage got an echo reply — solid if the PTB was honored, dashed if not (reachable but a broken-PMTUD / RFC 4890 violation). The path depth still shows how far the traceroute itself got, and runs of unanswered (* *) hops collapse into one dashed “silent” bubble. Open full size ↗

multi-vantage path diagram for AS41364

From SRB host (SOX, Belgrade)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

4/4
Echo small (56B) 22.3ms
4/4
Echo 1500B (DF) 22.3ms
yes
Type 1 dest-unreach
443,80
TCP responds on

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

#IP / PTRRTTmtr lossASAS holder
12a09:ab81::10.3ms0%*AS60733PERKE-NET - ZORAN PEROVIC trading as Agencija Perke.NET, RS
2sox-pn.sox.rs
2001:7f8:1e:8::3a
0.2ms0%AS13004SOX - Serbian Open Exchange DOO, RS
3e0-33.core2.beg1.he.net
2001:470:1:6e5::1
1.1ms0%AS6939HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US
4e0-34.core2.bts1.he.net
2001:470:0:33f::2
8.8ms0%AS6939HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US
5100ge0-0-0-2.core1.vie1.he.net
2001:470:0:412::1
10.5ms20%AS6939HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US
6*---
7*-50%-
82a07:1ec0:829::a522.2ms0%AS41364TOP-IX_DP - CONSORZIO TOPIX - TORINO E PIEMONTE EXCHANGE POINT, IT

Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 5, hop 7 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.013ms pmtu 1500
 1:  _gateway                                              0.381ms 
 1:  _gateway                                              0.354ms 
 2:  sox-pn.sox.rs                                         0.423ms 
 3:  e0-33.core2.beg1.he.net                               1.502ms 
 4:  e0-34.core2.bts1.he.net                               8.546ms 
 5:  100ge0-0-0-2.core1.vie1.he.net                       10.513ms 
 6:  no reply
 7:  no reply
 8:  2a07:1ec0:829::a5                                    22.517ms reached
     Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 8 back 8 

From DE host (Berlin)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

4/4
Echo small (56B) 30.3ms
4/4
Echo 1500B (DF) 30.3ms
yes
Type 1 dest-unreach
443,80
TCP responds on

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

#IP / PTRRTTmtr lossASAS holder
1xe-0-0-13-178.gw01.ber01.as59645.net
2a06:d1c1:100:b::1
0.3ms0%*AS59645WYBT-NET - Tobias Fiebig, DE
2xe-0-0-12-2412.gw01.dus01.as59645.net
2a06:d1c0::dead:beef:401
8.9ms0%AS59645WYBT-NET - Tobias Fiebig, DE
3eth1-0-12-h5594.edge5-dus1.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:92f4:3::1
9.2ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
4lag13.agr3-dus3.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:7d::1
56.3ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
5lag30.core3-dus1.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:109::2
8.3ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
6lag0-vl1011.core1-fra-ix.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:8a::2
12.5ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
7lag0-vl1001.core1-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:103e::1
15.2ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
8lag0-vl6.core2-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:103b::1
15.1ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
92001:4ba0:ffe9:b823.4ms0%-
10lag0-vl1009.core1-muc-eq3.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:a7::1
18.4ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
11lag0-vl1001.core1-pda-vsix.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:da::2
28.3ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
12*---
132a07:1ec0:829::a530.3ms0%AS41364TOP-IX_DP - CONSORZIO TOPIX - TORINO E PIEMONTE EXCHANGE POINT, IT

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.031ms pmtu 1500
 1:  xe-0-0-13-178.gw01.ber01.as59645.net                 22.253ms 
 1:  xe-0-0-13-178.gw01.ber01.as59645.net                  0.495ms 
 2:  xe-0-0-12-2412.gw01.dus01.as59645.net                 8.637ms 
 3:  eth1-0-12-h5594.edge5-dus1.bb.wiit.network           14.415ms 
 4:  no reply
 5:  lag11.core3-dus1.bb.wiit.network                      8.480ms 
 6:  lag0-vl1011.core1-fra-ix.bb.wiit.network             12.838ms 
 7:  lag0-vl1001.core1-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network            15.259ms 
 8:  lag0-vl6.core2-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network               15.187ms 
 9:  lag0-vl1006.core2-muc2.bb.wiit.network               17.963ms 
10:  lag0-vl1009.core1-muc-eq3.bb.wiit.network            18.218ms 
11:  lag0-vl1001.core1-pda-vsix.bb.wiit.network           28.581ms 
12:  no reply
13:  2a07:1ec0:829::a5                                    30.802ms reached
     Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 13 back 10 

From DE host (Düsseldorf)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

4/4
Echo small (56B) 22.3ms
4/4
Echo 1500B (DF) 22.3ms
yes
Type 1 dest-unreach
443,80
TCP responds on

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

#IP / PTRRTTmtr lossASAS holder
1xe-0-0-12-142.gw01.dus01.as59645.net
2a06:d1c1:100:d::1
0.2ms0%*AS59645WYBT-NET - Tobias Fiebig, DE
2eth1-0-12-h5594.edge5-dus1.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:92f4:3::1
1.5ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
3lag10-h5f01.agr4-dus1.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:7c::1
7.4ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
4lag30.core3-dus1.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:109::2
0.2ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
5lag0-vl1011.core1-fra-ix.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:8a::2
4.4ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
6lag0-vl1001.core1-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:103e::1
6.9ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
7lag0-vl6.core2-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:103b::1
6.9ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
82001:4ba0:ffe9:b89.7ms0%-
9lag0-vl1009.core1-muc-eq3.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:a7::1
9.7ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
10lag0-vl1001.core1-pda-vsix.bb.wiit.network
2001:4ba0:ffe9:da::2
20.2ms0%AS24961MYLOC-AS - WIIT AG, DE
11*---
122a07:1ec0:829::a522.3ms0%AS41364TOP-IX_DP - CONSORZIO TOPIX - TORINO E PIEMONTE EXCHANGE POINT, IT

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.026ms pmtu 1500
 1:  xe-0-0-12-142.gw01.dus01.as59645.net                  0.390ms 
 1:  xe-0-0-12-142.gw01.dus01.as59645.net                  0.274ms 
 2:  eth1-0-12-h5594.edge5-dus1.bb.wiit.network            1.240ms 
 3:  no reply
 4:  lag11.core3-dus1.bb.wiit.network                      0.455ms 
 5:  lag0-vl1011.core1-fra-ix.bb.wiit.network              4.547ms 
 6:  lag0-vl1001.core1-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network             7.256ms 
 7:  lag0-vl6.core2-nbg-ncd.bb.wiit.network                7.443ms 
 8:  lag0-vl1006.core2-muc2.bb.wiit.network               17.526ms 
 9:  lag0-vl1009.core1-muc-eq3.bb.wiit.network            10.204ms 
10:  lag0-vl1001.core1-pda-vsix.bb.wiit.network           20.196ms 
11:  no reply
12:  2a07:1ec0:829::a5                                    22.394ms reached
     Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 12 back 9 

From NL host (go6lab)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

4/4
Echo small (56B) 75.4ms
4/4
Echo 1500B (DF) 27.7ms
yes
Type 1 dest-unreach
-
TCP responds on

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

#IP / PTRRTTmtr lossASAS holder
12a00:8642:42::21.2ms0%AS203993GNA-DC1-AS - S.J.M. Steffann, NL
2*-0%*-
32a00:1ca8:1::19414.4ms0%AS50673Serverius-as - Serverius Holding B.V., NL
42a03:3f40::10:336.0ms0%AS50673Serverius-as - Serverius Holding B.V., NL
5ams-ix.ipv6.itgate.net
2001:7f8:1::a501:2779:1
6.0ms0%-NA
6if-0-2-0-1.Muttley-Monster.TRN.ipv6.itgate.net
2001:1418:1::10e2
23.9ms0%AS12779ITGATE - IT.Gate S.p.A., IT
7*---
82a07:1ec0:829::a529.8ms0%AS41364TOP-IX_DP - CONSORZIO TOPIX - TORINO E PIEMONTE EXCHANGE POINT, IT

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.064ms pmtu 1500
 1:  2a00:8642:42::2                                       2.533ms 
 1:  2a00:8642:42::2                                       4.390ms 
 2:  gw.friends.steffann.nl                                3.525ms 
 3:  2a00:1ca8:1::194                                      4.236ms 
 4:  2a03:3f40::10:33                                      7.896ms 
 5:  ams-ix.ipv6.itgate.net                                7.682ms asymm  3 
 6:  if-0-2-0-1.Muttley-Monster.TRN.ipv6.itgate.net       23.964ms asymm  4 
 7:  no reply
 8:  2a07:1ec0:829::a5                                    28.994ms reached
     Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 8 back 8 

From ITA host (Karsolink)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

4/4
Echo small (56B) 9.6ms
3/4
Echo 1500B (DF) 9.8ms
yes
Type 1 dest-unreach
443,80
TCP responds on

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

#IP / PTRRTTmtr lossASAS holder
1karsolink-01.net.karsolink.com
2a12:d8c0:105a:9001::1
0.2ms0%*AS204471KARSOLINK - 2S Computers SRL, IT
22a12:d8c0:109f:121::a10.3ms0%*AS204471KARSOLINK - 2S Computers SRL, IT
32a12:d8c0:109f:106::a23.3ms90%AS204471KARSOLINK - 2S Computers SRL, IT
4*-90%-
52a07:1ec0:829::a59.6ms0%AS41364TOP-IX_DP - CONSORZIO TOPIX - TORINO E PIEMONTE EXCHANGE POINT, IT

Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 3, hop 4 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.037ms pmtu 1500
 1:  no reply
 2:  no reply
 3:  2a12:d8c0:109f:106::a2                                3.603ms 
 4:  2001:7f8:5f:ffff::33                                 10.761ms 
 5:  2a07:1ec0:829::a5                                    10.038ms reached
     Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 5 back 5 

From SLO host (6connect)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

4/4
Echo small (56B) 14.9ms
3/4
Echo 1500B (DF) 15.0ms
yes
Type 1 dest-unreach
443,80
TCP responds on

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

#IP / PTRRTTmtr lossASAS holder
1fw1-lju.6connect.com
2607:fae0:a000::2
0.4ms0%*AS80386CONNECT - 6connect, Inc., US
2*-0%*-
32a03:a100:0:201:1::11.1ms0%AS56635XENYA - XENYA inzeniring, proizvodnja in trgovina, d.o.o. Ljubljana, SI
4*-0%-
5*---
6port-channel1.core1.zag2.he.net
2001:470:0:2ea::2
4.0ms40%AS6939HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US
7*---
8*---
92a07:1ec0:829::a515.1ms0%AS41364TOP-IX_DP - CONSORZIO TOPIX - TORINO E PIEMONTE EXCHANGE POINT, IT

Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 6 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.019ms pmtu 9000
 1:  fw1-lju.6connect.com                                  0.381ms 
 1:  fw1-lju.6connect.com                                  0.671ms 
 2:  no reply
 3:  2a03:a100:0:201:1::1                                  1.073ms 
 4:  2a03:a100:0:201:1::1                                  1.023ms pmtu 1500
 4:  no reply
 5:  no reply
 6:  port-channel1.core1.zag2.he.net                       4.223ms 
 7:  no reply
 8:  no reply
 9:  2a07:1ec0:829::a5                                    14.990ms reached
     Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 9 back 9 

From SLO host (T-2)   openRFC 4890 ✓

filter likely at: (none) · min PMTU on path: 1500

4/4
Echo small (56B) 33.9ms
4/4
Echo 1500B (DF) 34.2ms
yes
Type 1 dest-unreach
443,80
TCP responds on

Path (traceroute + mtr + PTR)

#IP / PTRRTTmtr lossASAS holder
12a01:261:313:b814::10.4ms0%*AS34779T-2-AS - T-2, d.o.o., SI
22a01:260:1::2251.9ms0%*AS34779T-2-AS - T-2, d.o.o., SI
32a01-260-1-1--9c.core6.t-2.net
2a01:260:1:1::9c
2.2ms0%*AS34779T-2-AS - T-2, d.o.o., SI
42a01-260-1-1--39.core6.t-2.net
2a01:260:1:1::39
2.3ms0%AS34779T-2-AS - T-2, d.o.o., SI
5be1.core2.fra2.he.net
2001:470:e:43::2
37.8ms40%AS6939HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US
6be7.core2.fra2.he.net
2001:470:e:18::2
38.4ms20%AS6939HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US
7be3.core4.fra1.he.net
2001:470:e:5a::2
40.2ms0%AS6939HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US
8be1.core1.mil2.he.net
2001:470:e:dd::1
37.3ms0%AS6939HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US
9be1.core1.mil2.he.net
2001:470:e:dd::1
37.1ms-AS6939HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US
10*-20%-
112a07:1ec0:829::a534.2ms0%AS41364TOP-IX_DP - CONSORZIO TOPIX - TORINO E PIEMONTE EXCHANGE POINT, IT

Rate-limited ICMPv6: hop 5, hop 6, hop 10 (loss between 5% and 95% across mtr cycles - the router replies but only sometimes).

tracepath -6

 1?: [LOCALHOST]                        0.026ms pmtu 1500
 1:  no reply
 2:  2a01:260:1::225                                       2.291ms 
 3:  2a01-260-1-1--9a.core6.t-2.net                        3.131ms 
 4:  hurricane-electric.nikhef.nlsix.net                  38.472ms 
 5:  hurricane-electric.nikhef.nlsix.net                  36.310ms asymm  4 
 6:  be7.core2.fra2.he.net                                38.282ms asymm  5 
 7:  be3.core4.fra1.he.net                                45.718ms 
 8:  be10.core1.zrh2.he.net                               49.488ms 
 9:  be1.core1.mil2.he.net                                36.771ms asymm  7 
10:  no reply
11:  2a07:1ec0:829::a5                                    38.956ms reached
     Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 11 back 8